Naturally occurring electric fields are known to be morphogenetic cues and associated with growth and healing throughout mammalian and amphibian animals and the plant kingdom. Electricity in animals was discovered in the eighteenth century. Electric fields activate multiple cellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/PTEN, the membrane channel of KCNJ15/Kir4.2 and intracellular polyamines. These pathways are involved in the sensing of physiological electric fields, directional cell migration (galvanotaxis, also known as electrotaxis), and possibly other cellular responses. Importantly, electric fields provide a dominant and over-riding signal that directs cell migration. Electrical stimulation could be a promising therapeutic method in promoting wound healing and activating regeneration of chronic and non-healing wounds. This review provides an update of the physiological role of electric fields, its cellular and molecular mechanisms, its potential therapeutic value, and questions that still await answers.
Burns Trauma(https://burnstrauma.biomedcentral.com/) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal publishing the latest developments in basic, clinical and translational research related to burns and traumatic injuries. With a special focus on prevention efforts, clinical treatment and basic research in developing countries, the journal welcomes submissions in various aspects of biomaterials, tissue engineering, stem cells, critical care, immunobiology, skin transplantation, prevention and regeneration of burns and trauma injury.
